Uber Backend Engineer System Design Questions

Managing a flexible and efficient scheduling system for Uber drivers is crucial for operational efficiency. This problem will assess your ability to design a job scheduler that can optimally organize drivers' shifts.Problem statement: Design a class JobScheduler with the following methods:
- addJob(driverId: int, startTime: int, endTime: int): Adds a job for a driver within specific time bounds.
- getSchedule(driverId: int) -> List[Tuple[int, int]]: Returns a list of scheduled jobs for a driver.Example 1:
Input: JobScheduler scheduler = new JobScheduler();
scheduler.addJob(1, 1, 5);
scheduler.addJob(1, 6, 10);
scheduler.getSchedule(1)
Output: [(1, 5), (6, 10)]
Explanation: Driver 1 has two scheduled jobs.Constraints:
- 1 <= driverId <= 10^6
- 1 <= startTime < endTime <= 10^9

In order to protect Uber's services from abuse and ensure fair usage, we need a reliable rate-limiting mechanism that tracks requests from users over a given time window.Problem statement: Design a RateLimiter class with the following methods:
- RateLimiter(limit: int, timeWindow: int): Constructor that initializes a rate limiter allowing limit requests every timeWindow seconds.
- allowRequest(userId: int) -> bool: Returns true if the request is allowed, or false if the limit is exceeded.Example 1:
Input: RateLimiter rateLimiter = new RateLimiter(3, 10);
rateLimiter.allowRequest(1) => Output: true
rateLimiter.allowRequest(1) => Output: true
rateLimiter.allowRequest(1) => Output: true
rateLimiter.allowRequest(1) => Output: false
Explanation: User 1 can make 3 requests in 10 seconds, and the fourth request is denied.Constraints:
- 1 <= limit <= 100
- 1 <= timeWindow <= 1000
- 1 <= userId <= 10^6