Describe a time when you faced a significant obstacle on a project. How did you approach the problem, what steps did you take to overcome it, and what was the ultimate outcome? Be sure to use the STAR method in your response.

**LeetCode #33 - Search in Rotated Sorted Array**\nYou are given an integer array `nums` sorted in ascending order, which is then rotated at an unknown pivot index. You are also given an integer `target`. If the target exists in the array, return its index. Otherwise, return -1. Your solution should be in O(log n) time complexity.\n**Function Signature:** `def search(nums: List[int], target: int) -> int:`\n**Example 1:**\n**Input:** nums = [4,5,6,7,0,1,2], target = 0\n**Output:** 4\n**Explanation:** The target value is located at index 4.\n**Example 2:**\n**Input:** nums = [1], target = 0\n**Output:** -1\n**Explanation:** The target value does not exist in the input array.\n**Constraints:** 1 <= nums.length <= 5000; -10^4 <= nums[i] <= 10^4; All integers in nums are unique; nums is an ascending array that is then rotated.

**Design a URL shortening service**\nA URL shortening service allows users to convert long URLs into shorter, easier-to-share versions. The users will input a long URL to be shortened, and the service will provide a unique short URL. Be sure to consider aspects of scalability, storage, and potential security concerns. What key components would you include in your design?\n**Components to consider:** Database schema, API endpoints, caching strategy, redundancy, and scalability strategies.