Design a URL Shortener

You are tasked with designing a URL shortener service similar to bit.ly. The service should take a long URL as input and generate a short URL that redirects to the long URL when visited. Consider aspects such as scalability, fault tolerance, and performance. Explain how you would structure the database and APIs to handle associated tasks.Functionality should include:
1. Generating a short URL from a long URL.
2. Redirecting from a short URL back to the original URL.
3. Tracking usage statistics for each short URL.