Explain how garbage collection works in Java. What are the different types of garbage collectors available in the Java Virtual Machine (JVM), and how would you choose one based on the use case?

## What to Cover 1. Describe the heap memory structure: Young, Old, and Permanent generations. 2. Explain different garbage collectors: Serial, Parallel, Concurrent Mark-Sweep (CMS), and G1. ## Strong Answer Framework 1. Highlight the benefits and drawbacks of each GC type. 2. Link them to specific scenarios.